Country Profile: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are a remote group of coral atolls located in the Indian Ocean, southeast of Asia. This non-self-governing territory of Australia is characterized by its tropical climate and low-lying terrain. With a small population of approximately 593 residents, the islands primarily rely on copra production and tourism for their economy. Governance is overseen by Australia, with local matters managed by a shire council.
Geography
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands consist of 27 coral islands forming a horseshoe-shaped atoll around a lagoon, with two main populated islands: Home Island and West Island. The islands are situated about halfway between Australia and Sri Lanka, featuring a tropical climate and flat terrain.
- Total Area: 14 sq km
- Coastline: 26 km
- Highest Point: 9 m above sea level
- Natural Hazards: Cyclone season from October to April
People and Society
As of 2021, the population of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is estimated at 593, consisting predominantly of Cocos Malays and Europeans. The community is primarily Muslim, with a significant portion practicing English and the local Malay dialect.
- Median Age: 40 years
- Population Density: Very low due to limited land
- Ethnic Composition: Europeans, Cocos Malays
- Languages Spoken: Malay (Cocos dialect) 68.8%, English 22.3%
Economy
The economy of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is largely driven by agricultural products such as copra, vegetables, and bananas, alongside a growing tourism sector. The territory heavily relies on imports from Australia for goods.
- Exports (2023): 31% to the USA, 29% to Singapore
- Main Imports (2023): 87% from Australia
- Main Export Commodities: Ships
- Key Industries: Copra products, tourism
Government
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are an overseas territory of Australia, administered by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities & Regional Development. The local governance structure includes a unicameral council representing the islanders.
- Capital: West Island
- Legal System: Based on Australian common law
- Suffrage: Citizens must be at least 18 years old
- National Holiday: Australia Day, 26 January
Military and Security
Defense and security responsibilities for the Cocos (Keeling) Islands are managed by Australia, with no local military forces present.
- Defense Responsibility: Australia
Environment
The islands face environmental challenges such as limited freshwater resources and issues related to illegal fishing. The tropical climate contributes to the ecological uniqueness of the territory.
- Environmental Issues: Limited freshwater, illegal fishing
- Land Use: 100% other (no agricultural land)
Transportation
Transportation to and from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands primarily occurs via air, with a single airport serving the territory.
- Airports: 1
Communications
The islands have limited communications infrastructure, including local radio and satellite TV options. Internet access is available but limited, with a small percentage of the population online.
- Internet Users (2021): 13.4% of the population
- Internet Country Code: .cc
Key Metrics
| Metric | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 593 | Estimated as of 2021 |
| Area | 14 sq km | Total land area |
| Highest Point | 9 m | South Point on South Island |
| GDP (2023 est.) | Not specified | Primary industries defined |
| Birth Rate | Not specified | Data not provided |
| Unemployment | Not specified | Data not provided |
| Climate | Tropical | High humidity, moderated by trade winds |
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